Linux + Nginx + Mysql + PHP 编译安装

目录
  1. 首先准备安装包
  2. yum安装必要包
  3. 安装各个库
  4. 一、安装MySQL
  5. 二、安装PHP
  6. 三、安装NGINX
  7. nginx启动脚本
  8. nginx设置自启动
  9. 环境说明

首先准备安装包

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nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
php-5.3.16.tar.gz
libaio-0.3.93-4.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
pcre-8.33.tar.gz

yum安装必要包

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yum -y install gcc-c++ openssl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libXpm-devel ImageMagick ImageMagick-devel freetype freetype-devel curl-devel

安装各个库

依次是libmcrypt，mhash， mcrypt 和pcre

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tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../
 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf pcre-8.33.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.30
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

一、安装MySQL

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rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.93-4.x64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.5.14-1.rhel5.x64.rpm

service mysql start
//修改密码
mysql_secure_installation

二、安装PHP

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tar zxvf php-5.3.16.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.16
mkdir -p /usr/local/php
// 很多的模块
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/bin/ --with-libdir=lib64 --with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets  --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
// 简单的模块
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/bin/ --with-libdir=lib64 --enable-xml --enable-zip --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-gd --with-zlib --with-curl --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

// 如果有这个错误
configure: error: Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!
// 就加上
--with-libdir=lib64

make
make install

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #因为php5.3开始自带fpm，使用自带的管理脚本
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机自启动
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

// 然后修改php-fpm.conf，将pid改成以下，并将user和group改成www
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
user = www
group = www

三、安装NGINX

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groupadd www
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www www #www用户不能login
mkdir -p /home/www #此路径是用于存放各域名的root路径
chmod +w /home/www
mkdir -p /home/wwwlogs
chmod 755 /home/wwwlogs
chown -R www:www /home/www

tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.15/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
make && make install
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/ #用于配置各域名

// 修改Nginx的配置文件
mv /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx_bak.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf


user  www;
worker_processes  8;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        root D:/xampp/htdocs/enterprise;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
             
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires 30d;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires 24h;
        }
    
        if ($request_filename !~* (\.xml|\.rar|\.html|\.htm|\.php|\.swf|\.css|\.js|\.gif|\.png|\.jpg|\.jpeg|robots\.txt|index\.php|\.jnlp|\.jar|\.eot|\.woff|\.ttf|\.svg)) {
            rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1 last;
        }

        location ~ .*\.php {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;                                         
            fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;                 
            fastcgi_param   PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;                                       
            fastcgi_param   PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;                   
            include fastcgi_params;  
        }
    }

}

nginx启动脚本

因为默认是没有nginx管理脚本的，在此先新建一个，运行vi /etc/init.d/nginx，输入

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#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15 
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

nginx设置自启动

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chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig nginx on

环境说明

直接输入以下命令，会得到相应的结果

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service nginx restart 重启nginx
service mysql restart 重启mysql
service php-fpm restart 重启php-fpm
service php-fpm stop 停止php-fpm
service php-fpm start 启动php-fpm

各站点的根目录是/home/www/

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php: /usr/local/php/etc/
nginx: /usr/local/nginx/conf/
find / -name "my.ini"

启动nginx的时候遇到 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1:

答：增加以下软连接，注意，如果是64位系统，对应目录是/lib64

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# cd /lib64
cd /lib
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64

Centos查看端口占用情况命令，比如查看80端口占用情况使用如下命令：

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lsof -i tcp:80

列出所有端口

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netstat -ntlp

查看进程

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ps -ef | grep nginx